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Infinitive: satellite
τίς τ’ ἄρ σφωε θεῶν ἔριδι ξυνέηκε μάχεσθαι;
‘What god has led them to quarrel so that they will fight?’ (Hom. Il. 1.8)
The infinitive signals the following roles as a satellite:
- result (with the same force as ὥστε or ὡς with the infinitive);
- reference (= point of view);
- instrument (with the same function as the dative of instrument);
- source (with the same function as the genitive of source).
ἀφικνεῖται εἰς Ἑλλήσποντον τῷ μὲν λόγῳ ἐπὶ τὸν Ἑλλήνων πόλεμον, τῷ δὲ ἔργῳ τὰ... πράγματα πράσσειν
He said he reached the Hellespont y in view of the war against the Greeks, but actually in order to make money. [provisional translation]
ἀλλὰ κἂν εἰ ὀλίγον ἔστιν τις ὅστις διαφέρει ἡμῶν προβιβάσαι εἰς ἀρετήν, ἀγαπητόν
But if there is anyone who differs from us in any way by surpassing us in virtue, we must love him. [provisional translation]
κομπὸς εἶ σπονδαῖς πεποιθώς, αἵ σε σῴζουσιν θανεῖν
You are a braggart, for you rely on an agreement that prevents you from dying. ֍