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Genitive: cause as object
ζηλῶ σε τοῦ νοῦ τῆς δὲ δειλίᾱς στυγῶ
‘I envy you for your wisdom, but I hate you for your cowardice.’ (Soph. El. 1027)
The genitive signals a cause as a second object (which can also be analysed as a satellite) with verbs expressing emotions or a dispute.
Lexical usage
The person experiencing the (negative or positive) emotion is often put in the accusative or dative. The victim of a dispute is often put in the accusative.
Positive emotions (admiration, envy, praise)
Some examples:
TBX ἐλεέω (τινά) τινός to have pity (on someone) because of
εὐδαιμονίζω (τινά) τινός to call (someone) happy because of
ζηλόω (τινά) τινός to envy (someone) because of
ἥδομαί τινος to be delighted because of
θαυμάζω (τινά) τινός to admire (someone) because of
μακαρίζω (τινά) τινός to call (someone) happy because of
οἰκτίρω (τινά) τινός to have pity (on someone) because of
συγγιγνώσκω (τινί) τινός to forgive (someone) because of
Negative emotions (anger, sadness, hatred, disapproval, worry)
Some examples:
TBX μέμφομαί (τινί) τινός to reproach (someone) because of
μισέω (τινά) τινός to hate (someone) because of
ὀνειδίζω (τινί) τινός to reproach (someone) because of
ὀργίζομαί (τινί) τινός to be angry (with someone) because of
στυγέω (τινά) τινός to hate (someone) because of
φθονέω (τινά) τινός to envy (someone) because of
χαλεπαίνω (τινί) τινός to be angry (with someone) because of
Disputes (complaint, charge, sentence)
Some examples:
TBX αἱρέω (τινά) τινός to convince (someone) of
γράφομαί (τινά) ἀσεβείας to accuse (someone) in writing of impiety
αἰτιάομαι, διώκω (τινά) τινός to accuse (someone) of
εἰσάγω (τινά) κλοπῆς to accuse (someone) of theft
κρίνω (τινά) τινός to sentence (someone) for
ὀφλισκάνω φόνου to be condemned for murder
τιμωρέομαί (τινά) τινός to punish (someone) for
ὑπάγω (τινά) τινός to accuse (someone) of
φεύγω τινός to be prosecuted for
Varia
With some verbs (ἄλγω, ἄχθομαι, στένω, φθονέω enz.) the genitive is used interchangeably with the dative (or sometimes with ἐπί + dative).
οὔ ταρ ὅ γ’ εὐχωλῆς ἐπιμέμφεται οὐδ’ ἑκατόμβης,
ἀλλ’ ἕνεκ’ ἀρητῆρος ὃν ἠτίμησ’ Ἀγαμέμνων
He is not dissatisfied because of a prayer or a sacrifice, but with the priest who dishonored Agamemnon. [provisional translation]
οὐδένα γοῦν τῆς συνουσίᾱς ἀργύριον πρᾱ́ττῃ
At least you don't let anyone pay for your company. [provisional translation]
διώκω μὲν κακηγορίᾱς τῇ δ᾽ αὐτῇ ψήφῳ φόνου φεύγω
I sue someone for defamation and am prosecuted for murder at the same trial. [provisional translation]
τίς γὰρ οὐκ ἂν ἀγάσαιτο τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἐκείνων τῆς ἀρετῆς;
For who would not admire those men for their virtue? ֍